A. Hummadi, P., بروین, A. Osman, S., & شدن. (2025). Smarandache Rings and Smarandache Elements. AL-Rafidain Journal of Computer Sciences and Mathematics, 10(4), 61–69. Retrieved from https://rjps.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/csmj/article/view/19967