Lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients in Mosul

Objectives: (a)To examine the effects of diabetes and its duration on lipid profile. (b)To determine the prevalence of dyslipidaemia on lipid profile. Design: Case-control study. Setting: The study was conducted in Al-Zahrawi private Hospital in Mosul from January to December 2004.Participants: Three hundred and fifty six type 2 diabetic patients who attended outpatient department and 384 apparently healthy controls. Main outcome measures: Plasma glucose and serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients were compared with controls. The collected data were analyzed by chi-square, Z, one-way ANOVA and Duncan tests.Results: Serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and serum triglycerides (TG) were increased significantly (P<0.001); however, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was decreased significantly (P<0.001) in diabetic patients as compared with controls. No significant difference was noticed between males and females for lipid profile. The lipid profile was increased with advancement of disease. There was a significant difference between patients in fasting plasma glucose and fasting serum lipid concentrations according to advancement of disease in duration. The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hyper-LDL-cholesterolaemia and low HDL cholestrolaemia among the studied patients according to the recommendation of British Hyperlipidaemia Association (1998) was 69.6%, 36.2%, 68.8% and 64% respectively. Duration of disease was associated with higher incidence of dyslipidaemia. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is associated with lipid abnormalities. Periodic check up of lipid profile is recommended for diabetic patients. There is positive relationship between duration of diabetes and lipid profile.