Expression of Ki-67 Antigen in Various Histological Types of Basal Cell Carcinoma

ABSTRACT Background : Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most commonest malignant tumor of the skin especially fair-skinned individuals makes up roughly 7080% of all malignant tumors. In certainty, this malignancy had a variety of many tumor sub-types, through a distinct histo-morphological appearance and biological function. Unlike other tumors, usually has an affirmative clinical course, developing slowly and just locally. Antibodies against Ki-67 antigen or proliferating Cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) are typically used in immunohistochemistry to detect the proliferative activity (growth fraction) of malignancies. Aim of the study : This study aims to examine the tumor cells' proliferative status utilizing an immunohistochemistry analysis of the Ki-67 antigen in skin biopsy specimens of different sub-type of BCCs. Material and methods : A Case series study enrolling 35 biopsies sampled from retrospectively selected cases of cutaneous BCCs were registered in the research. Results : Thirty five biopsy (31 Primary, 4 Recurrent)of different histological types from 35 patients (11 male, 24 female) were included. The patients age ranged from 36 to 75 years (with mean of 59.2 year) .In this study results showed that commonest site of involvement was the face in 71.4% of cases , and there was significant association between tumor size and the Ki67 level and grade, the study reported a non-significant association between the tumor histological subtype and Ki67 level. Discussion : The data showed that there were a wide range of ki67 level (2 to 70%) among various histological growth subtype of basal cell carcinoma, higher proliferative index indicate more malignant potential and lower proliferative index mean less aggressive tumor. So the wide range of proliferation which had been reported in the BCC illuminate the wide spectrum of biological activity of tumor.