Influence of Maternal Age on the Structure of Umbilical Cord Vessels: A Histomorphological Study

Background: The structural variations in the umbilical cord linked to advanced pregnancy may have an impact on the fetus's viability.Aim of the study: The goal of this project is to revise the consequences of geriatric pregnancy on the structural tissue of the umbilical cord.Materials and Methods: From January 2022 to May 2022, samples were drawn at random from the obstetrics and gynaecology unit at Al-Khansaa Teaching Hospital in Mosul. Pregnant women aged 15 to 50 years were divided into two groups: those over 35 and those under 35 pregnant. Both groups underwent a comprehensive histological examination, morphological analysis, and histopathological umbilical artery research. These biopsies were prepared for light microscopy. The data was also subjected to statistical analysis.Results: Histomorphology of this study revealed no significant relationship between the pregnant woman's age and the length and diameterin addition there was a reduction in Whartons jelly with advanced age compared to young age. Also, the current study revealed significant variations in the width of the tunica intima and tunica media layers and the wall-lumen ratio of umbilical vessels related to different ages. Microscopic measurements of geriatric pregnancy showed a decline in Whartonjelly fibers and the formation of a devoid cavityresembling a comb of honey. The endotheliumof birth cord vessels corroded, causing their muscle cell to separate. The amount of collagen fibre concentration in the wall of the cord vessels decreased and there was degradation.Conclusion: Women over 35 are regarded as pregnant women at risk due to changes in the gross anatomical parameters and microscopic morphology of their cords, which are reflected in the well-being of their offspring.