Most of the studies that dealt with the legal aspect in ancient Iraq focused on codified laws. As well as some studies that dealt with the legal aspect in some types of contracts. While the legal and judicial aspect of the modern Assyrian era remained beyond the reach of these studies. This may be due to the lack of codified laws dating back to that era. This does not mean that the aforementioned era was alienated from legal and judicial practices. We have received a set of cuneiform texts in which the cases considered by the Assyrian courts and the ruling decisions issued against them were recorded and were issued through the prevailing rulings and laws. These cases highlighted to us the personality of the judiciary in the modern Assyrian era and its role in society Moreover, these cases gave an enlarging picture of the extent of the penetration of the judiciary in the life of society and the extent to which its members depend on the judiciary to obtain their rights and privileges. It was also among the research objectives to identify the most important problems that were facing a large society such as the Assyrian community. And how the judiciary and courts dealt with these problems is that the information reported in the research is derived from a number of court cases, which totaled 45 cases covering nearly 10 years of the history of the modern Assyrian era (911-612 BC), all of which date back to the Sargonian period (Sargon and his successors) Confined between the years (722-612 BC), these cases shed light on two main elements, namely the Assyrian community, as these cases revealed some of its activities, and the judiciary that showed it in its actual form through the rulings issued against these cases.