Al- Malik al-Zahir Baybar,s Policy TowardsThe Amirs of Hijaz(658-676A.H/1259-1277A.D)

( ) (648/ 1250) ( 658/ 1259) (658-676/ 1259-1277) . : . .. . The Hijaz district (Mecca and Madina ) enjoyed a semindependent Status since the end of Ayyubid rule in Egypt and Bilad al- Sham in ( 648 A.H /1250A.D) ,and till the era of the Mamlukid Sultan al Zahir Baybars (658-676A.H/1259-1277A.D).Sultan Baybars engaged in wars with the Crusaders and Mongols during the first Years of his era . This enabled the King of Yemen to extend his domination on the district of Hijaz . Sultan Baybars followed a policy of compromise towards the Amirs of Hijaz on one hand , and of political Pressure and threats of military action, on the other hand .He also focused his interest on the Sacred Kaaba in Mecca and the Prophet Mosque in Madina . He did so for two reasons , the first one was fulfilling his religious duty in accordance with the authorization given to him by the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo to take care of the sacred places in the Hijaz , especially the Kaaba and the Prophet Mosque . The second reason was to achieve political gains by so doing .