Nursing Perspectives on Spiritual Well-being of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Narrative Review

Background: This article aims to provide a comprehensive narrative review of hemodialysis patients' spiritual well-being and quality of life, addressing the research question of whether spiritual well-being influences quality of life and health outcomes.Methods: A rigorous narrative review study and comprehensive electronic database search on spiritual well-being in hemodialysis patients were meticulously conducted. The review included a wide range of patients undergoing hemodialysis, and articles published in English from January 2013 to January 2024 were meticulously searched using specific keywords. Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Google Scholar were exhaustively utilized. The researchers conducted thorough article extraction and review, and the final related articles were selected and evaluated using a meticulously prepared checklist.Results: The database search yielded 33 published articles, out of which 12 were selected for final evaluation. The spiritual well-being of patients undergoing hemodialysis was categorized into religious and existential well-being. Religious well-being encompasses aspects related to faith, belief, and religious practices. In contrast, existential well-being includes aspects related to the meaning and purpose of life, personal growth, and self-actualization. These categories further encompass socio-cultural, psychological, individualistic, and material world-oriented aspects.Conclusions: The literature highlights that spiritual well-being positively influences health and quality of life. Incorporating spiritual well-being assessments and spiritual care into clinical practice can enhance treatment quality and health outcomes, particularly for hemodialysis patients, significantly improving their lives.