Natural disasters in Al-Djazīra From the fourth century to the seventh century AH

Natural disasters of all kinds, ancient and modern, are considered a real threat to human life, animals, plants and the natural environment in general, and because Al-Djazra with its sections in Turkey, Syria and Iraq formed an important strategic axis during the medieval period due to its location and its economic, social and political importance, it was chosen as an area for the study of natural disasters that occurred during the period extending from the fourth century to the seventh Hijri, and this study provided a general idea of the characteristics of Al-Djazra region and its geographical nature, then it talked about the natural disasters that occurred in Al-Djazra region and its types such as floods, torrential rains, earthquakes, droughts, famines, diseases, epidemics and insects. In addition to the damage caused by these catastrophes, according to the chronology, based on many historical sources, especially the Annals, which were recording events and facts in precise chronological order according to years, (The Complete in History) by Ibn Al-Atheer and (Regular in the history of kings and nations from) by Ibn al-Jawzi, and (Tarikh al-Islam) by Al-Dhahabi, and some Christian books were also relied upon, such as the history of Matta al-Rahawi, or the history of Mar Mikhail the Great, as well as the history of time and the history of Mukhtasar al-Dawal by Ibn al-Abri. In addition to many historical books that chronicled the history of the region and mentioned some of the disasters that struck the region