Histopathological and biochemical assessments of Co-Q10 in mitigating submandibular salivary gland toxicity caused by Trastuzumab and Doxorubicin in rat model

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Co-Q10 in reducing the SMG toxicity caused by Trastuzumab and Doxorubicin. The materials and methods were employed to study histopathological measurements by using H&E stains, and serological tests include T-AOC and MDA, in addition to BW. twenty white albino rats were employed, the experiment performed over 20 days, rats divided into 4 groups: G1 in which rats received pure corn oil 1ml/kg orally, over 20 days. G2 in which rats received TRZ+DOX, single dose of 10mg/kg IP at 10th day of the experiment. G3 in which rats received Co-Q10 orally, 10mg/kg daily from day1 to 10th day and TRZ+DOX single dose of 10mg/kg IP of both drugs at 10th day. And G4 in which rats received TRZ+DOX single dose of 10mg/kg IP at 10th day and Co-Q10 orally of 10mg/kg daily from 10th day to the 20th day. In our results; the group in which rats received TRZ+DOX, the histopathological examination revealed many changes comparing with control group, and there was increased serum level of MDA with slight increase in the serum level of T-AOC. In contrast, a vast benefit had obtained from Co-Q10 as protection except for BW which still declined in all groups. The necrosis and degeneration of the submandibular salivary gland cell, and inflammatory cells infiltration, all these findings found to be reduced in groups where rats received Co-Q10 but the benefit was greater in the group that received Co-Q10 before TRZ+DOX, while circulatory disturbances and cell adaptation found to show less benefit from Co-Q10. T-AOC showed higher serum level in groups received Co-Q10, on the other hand, the serum level of MDA was lower in groups administered Co-Q10. Generally, our results concluded for greater benefits from Co-Q10 in reducing SMG toxicity when administered before TRZ+DOX.