دور الشركات متعددة الجنسيات في التنافس الدولي الراهن

Abstract

This study examines the expanding role of multinational corporations in reshaping contemporary patterns of international competition. The research problem centers on how these corporations have evolved from conventional economic actors into influential instruments of geo-economic power that shape state policies, particularly through foreign direct investment and technology transfer. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach by reviewing key political economy literature and analyzing empirical examples of major multinational corporations operating in technology, energy, and industrial sectors, with special attention to Huawei as a case illustrating the intersection between economic interests and geopolitical rivalry among major powers. The findings indicate that multinational corporations have become structural components of global power, actively participating in the redistribution of economic roles, influencing globalization processes, and, in some cases, constraining the economic sovereignty of developing states. The research also highlights the dual nature of the relationship between states and multinational corporations, as it simultaneously offers opportunities for economic growth, innovation, and market integration, while posing risks related to dependency, regulatory asymmetries, and structural vulnerabilities. The study concludes that there is an urgent need for more effective national and international regulatory frameworks capable of balancing investment attraction with the protection of national economic interests. Such frameworks would enable states to engage multinational corporations as strategic partners rather than allowing them to operate as dominant forces within the international system.