Measurement and Interpretation of the Effect of Some Macroeconomic Variables in Agricultural Performance in Selected Asian Countries during 1990-2020

The agricultural sector is one of the most vital sectors in most developing countries, as it contributes to providing the basic needs of individuals, foremost of which is food, and employs 40% of the total population. However, the performance of the aforementioned sector does not match the performance of the agricultural sectors in developed countries, the reason for this is that it is subject to the effects of several factors. The idea of the research came to study the impact of these variables on agricultural performance in the selected Asian countries. The research aims to study the influence of the values of agricultural exports and imports, money supply, foreign exchange rate, government revenues, and expenditures on the performance of the agricultural sector represented by the agricultural growth rate, the contribution of agriculture to the gross domestic product, the agricultural exposure rate, and agricultural productivity as approved variables for these countries. The importance of the research emerged from the fact that the agricultural sector is a major source of food products necessary for human survival and also contributes to the supply of foreign currency through its exports or the reduction of agricultural imports and the achievement of local food security. The research included the reality of the agricultural sector in the Asian countries, the reference presentation, and the results of the assessment, and one of the most prominent conclusions reached by the research is that the macroeconomic variables contribute to different effects on the performance of the agricultural sector according to the nature of their economic structures and the efficiency of their systems in dealing with the economic policies that these variables produced in Asian countries.