Attempts by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and Reza Shah to Curtail the Religious Establishment in Turkey and Iran

Studies on social and political history are of clear importance in human disciplines, especially since the spotlight has not been fully shed on them in our academic studies, with the importance of those aspects in the history of Turkey and Iran in particular and the history of other countries in general. The study of social and political aspects formed a picture of an independent Turkey and Iran during a sensitive stage in the history of the two countries, and due to their importance, Mustafa Kemal and Reza Shah realized the importance of these aspects, which made them pay great attention to them to reform them. a legislations to limit the influence of this institution.