Mothers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding the Prevention and Home Management of Diarrheal Diseases in Children Under Five: A Study Among Kurdish Women

Background: Diarrheal diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five, particularly in developing regions. Effective home-based management and prevention strategies are crucial in reducing the severity and complications of diarrhea. This study aims to assess mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the prevention and home management of diarrheal diseases in children under five in Zakho and Duhok, Kurdistan, Iraq.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 1, 2023, involving 400 mothers. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews using a validated questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, employing descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results: Among the participants, 282 (70.5%) demonstrated good knowledge regarding diarrheal disease prevention and management, while 208 (52%) exhibited a positive attitude. However, only 233 (58.25%) of the mothers adhered to good practices in managing diarrhea at home. The findings indicate a gap between knowledge and practice, suggesting potential barriers to implementing preventive and treatment strategies effectively.Conclusion: Despite a high level of knowledge about diarrheal disease management, gaps remain in the translation of knowledge into practice. Strengthening educational interventions and community-based awareness programs is essential to improve mothers practices, ensuring better health outcomes for children under five.