آلِـيَّـاتُ الـدِّفَـاعِ الـمُـؤَسَّـسِـيِّ فِـي مُـوَاجَـهَـةِ الـشَّـعْـبَـوِيَّـةِ: دِرَاسَـةٌ فِـي الـنُّـظُـمِ الـدِّيـمُـقْـرَاطِـيَّـةِ
القسم: Articles
الملخص
المُلخص:
النظم الديمقراطية الحديثة تواجه تحدّياً داخلياً جوهرياً، مصدره الخطاب الشعبوي الذي يقسّم الساحة العامة إلى طرفين متعارضين. تبحث هذه الدراسة في كيفية دفاع المؤسسات عن نفسها ضد هذه الضغوط، مع التركيز على العلاقة بين قوة القوانين الأساسية، وثبات الأعراف السياسية وحيادية سلطة الفصل بين المنازعات. ولا يكتفي التناول بسرد المظاهر؛ وإنّما يتجه إلى دراسة التصميم القانوني، وكفاءة تحويله إلى واقع ملموس بهدف ضمان التوازن بين إرادة الأغلبية والرقابة. يقترح العمل، أن قدرة البنى الدفاعية تزداد عند دمج بنية دستورية مُحكمة باستقلالية حقيقية للقضاء والبيروقراطية وأجهزة المراجعة. ويتطلب الاستقرار، رسم حدود واضحة للإجراءات المبكرة والمُحتوية والمُصححة، وتُبنى المقاومة على دعامتين هما؛ ضوابط مُلزمة لتقييد سلطة الإدارة، وقيم إرشادية لتكريس مفهوم الدولة ككيان غير شخصي وتقوية دور الفواعل المجتمعية. وهذا المزيج يمنح التعددية قدرةً على الصمود.
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الإحصائيات
