The Relation between Body Mass Index and Abdominal Obesity with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a strong relationship to an increase in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and raises the propensity of developing T2DM by several folds. Our study aimed to investigate the relation and impact of BMI and WC with the risk of developing T2DM among the diabetes patients in the Erbil city. The present research included 138 patients (87 men and 51 women), aged 40 to 71 years of the diabetes patients in the Erbil city, from December 2022 to February 2023. The data of BMI, WC, and blood glucose status of T2DM people were identified and recorded. The relation between BMI and WC with blood glucose status of T2DM was assessed. The results demonstrate statistically significant relation was found between BMI and waist circumference with respect to the risk of type 2 DM (p<0.005). Out of 138 participants, (71%) had over weight and increased BMI, compared with (29%) participants with normal BMI and (76.1%) had increased (WC), compared with (23.9%) participants with normal, (P <0.01). Increasing BMI and WC were significantly associated with increased prevalence of T2DM in the Erbil populations (P < 0.05). There was a positive moderate correlation (0.563) between BMI and T2DM, and a positive strong correlation (0.769) between WS and T2DM. The increasing BMI and WS were significantly associated with increased prevalence of T2DM. Our results suggest that the normal BMI and WC, might contribute to the effective prevention strategies for developing of T2DM.