Effect of some plant extracts in structure

The effect of aqueous plant extracts of (Capparis spinosa L., leaves;Olea europea L., leaves; Dianthus chinensis, flowers; Mentha longifoliaL., leaves and Melia azedarach, leaves and fruits) on the histology of themidgut of larvae and adult of Rusty flour beetle Tribolium castaneum(Herbst). & Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (Everts was studied.Results showed that the longitudinal muscles bundles began todisintegrate and sometimes disappear. The circular muscle layer becamethinner, irregular, deattched from epithelial layer and even it underwentdisruption. Also, cells of epithelial layer have undergone a great and cleardisintegrator in many places. These effects have been noticed in themidgut of adult stage of khapra beetle. Histological preparations showedthe absence of peri trophic membrane in both beetles studied.The extracts have seriously affected the histological nature structureof the ovaries in khapra beetle reared from larvae previously treated withthe extracts. The follicle cells became loose, separate from each other andthen began to disintegrate, thus, becoming indistinguishable .Alsovacuoles appeared at the peripherye of the oocyte which increases innumber and size due to the isappearance of the yolk granules.Morphological abnormality appeared in ovarian follicles. They lose theirregular circular or oval form and become irregular, amoeboid, distorted ordisintegrated. These effects have led to the decrease of the number ofovarioles. The effect was severe on the fat bodies. Their quantitiesbecame greatly decreased, and restricted in certain areas, and finally,almost disappeared around the ovaries.